ע is usually used only in native Hebrew words and for a vowel sound following an identical vowel sound. Generally, א is used for transliterations. א and ע are both 'silent letters' that can represent vowels.ש can also the Sh sound and is use for Sh. Generally, ס is used for transliterations. כ is used for a Ch pronounced like a K as in 'Christopher.' Generally, ק is used for transliterations of both C and K. ת is used when a Th makes a T sound as in 'Thomas.' Generally ט is used by default for transliterations. This is to eliminate confusion, as ב can also make a B sound, and ו can also be used for O, U, and W. Generally, ו is used at the beginning of words and ב elsewhere in words, though ו can be used for a V sound elsewhere in words. Note that several pairs of Hebrew letters sound alike. For vowels with ambiguous sounds, use the Hebrew letter that represents that vowel (e.g.For A followed by an L (as in 'fall') use ול (spelled פול).For Oi as in 'coin' or Oy as in 'boy,' use וי (spelled as קוין, בוי).For Ou as in 'young' use א (spelled יאנג).For Ou as in 'mouse' or Ow as in 'how,' use או (spelled as מאוס, האו).For Au as in 'August' or Aw as in 'law,' use או (spelled as אוגוסט, לאו).For O as in 'mother' use א (spelled מאת׳ר).For I as in 'ride' use יי (spelled רייד).For E as in 'Megan' use יי (spelled מייגן).For E as in 'green,' use י (spelled as גרין). If the E sound starts the word, use א (as in Ed, spelled אד). For E as in 'bed,' do not use a letter (bed would be spelled בד).For A as in 'cake,' use יי (spelled as קייק).For A as in 'father,' park,' or 'what,' use א.For non-accented A-sounds (as in 'Canada,' which is spelled קנדה), omit א. For A as in 'apple', use א when at the beginning of a word or when strongly accented (as in 'Harry,' which is spelled הארי).The above notation is also used in a few cases such as John 8 where NA and WH agree and SBL does not include the text.Know the rules for representing all the different vowel sounds, as follows: ** Major variant * Minor or spelling variant Where both the NA and SBL agree on a variant word or spelling, it replaces the Nestle along with the following notation: TR and RP are included for major variants not contained in the critical texts. The Nestle text itself has been marked if not contained in either NA or SBL texts. Only the last version from left to right to contain a given variant is noted. Words not contained in the Nestle text have been included with the following notation: Paragraph formatting has been adapted from Westcott and Hort, 1881. Scrivener, The New Testament in the Original Greek according to the Text followed in the Authorised Version (Cambridge: University Press, 1894).īase text and orthography is the Nestle 1904 Greek New testament, courtesy of: site/nestle1904/. Pierpont, The New Testament in the Original Greek: Byzantine Textform, 2005. 2: Introduction Appendix (Cambridge: Macmillan, 1881). Stuttgart: (Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 1993).īrooke Foss Westcott and Fenton John Anthony Hort, The New Testament in the Original Greek, vol. Holmes, Greek New Testament: SBL Edition. (British and Foreign Bible Society, 1904). Morphology in partnership with Helps BibleĮberhard Nestle, Η ΚΑΙΝΗ ΔΙΑΘΗΚΗ. Strong's Tagging via Open Scriptures, David Troidl and Christopher Kimball Westminster Leningrad Codex text courtesy of Hebrew Transliteration Via Lockman Foundation for use of the NASB Exhaustive Concordance (Strong's).ĭavid Troidl and Christopher Kimball for use of the WLC with Strong's Tagging. We are grateful to those who have made this project possible:Ĭharles Van der Pool for use of the Apostolic Bible Polyglot Interlinear.
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